Lavender has been used extensively in herbalism for many centuries.
English Lavender yields a highly effective essential oil, which is often
used in balms, perfumes and cosmetics. It also has antiseptic and
anti flammatory properties, and was used in hospitals during the
First World War to disinfect floors and walls.
An infusion of lavender is claimed to soothe and heal insect bites,
whilst bunches of the flower are said to ward off insects.
Lavender is frequently used as an aid to sleep and relaxation,
and seeds and flowers of the plant are often added to pillows.
During Roman times, lavender flowers were sold for 100 denarii
per pound, which was about the same as a month's wages for a
farm labourer, or 50 haircuts from the local barber. Lavender
was commonly used in Roman Baths to scent the water, and to
restore the skin. When the Roman Empire conquered Britain,
lavender was introduced over here.
During the height of the Plague, glove makers in France would
scent their leathers with lavender oil, which was claimed to ward
off the disease, or rather repel the fleas which transmitted
the Plague.